Improvement in brick-kilns



' E. w. BINGHAM,

S BRICK KIIQNS. No.185,068. V Patented Dec. 5.1876.

WITNESSES AINIVENTORI ATTORN EY T" I GRAPHIC EDI ivrr STATES PATENTEDWARD W. BINGHAM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,065, dated December5, 1876; application filed June 19, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD W. BINGHAM, ofPhiladelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and valuable Improvementin Brick-Kilns; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification,and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

"he figure of the drawing is a representation of a perspective sectionalview of a latoral wall of the kiln with furnaces.

This invention has relation to kilns; and it consists in theconstruction and novel arrangement, in connection with afurnace builtagainst the exterior side wall of a kiln, and having eyes through saidwall leading into the kiln-arches, of perforated, pigeon-holed, orreticulated diaphragms or walls between the furnace-chamher and saidkiln-arches; of passages through the side walls of a series of furnacesbuilt side by side, at right angles to and against the exterior wallofthe kiln, said passages being covered with straight or arched tops,forming the supporting skew-backs for the arched tops of the furnaces;and of lateral flues, communicating with the firechambers of saidfurnaces, and leading directly to the kiln-eyes; also, in the novelcombinations of the parts of a kiln referred to, and the modificationsthereof, as hereinafter shown and described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates one of the sidewalls of the kiln, having eyes a leading into the kiln-arches, near itsbase-line. B B represent the furnaces, built side by side against thewall A, and O G the grates thereof. I

In the construction illustrated in the drawings the rear wall of thefurnace is formed by the kiln-wall, as shown at b, and between thefurnaces, or at the sides of the fire-chambers, are built double Walls 0or passages d in the furnace-walls, separating the fire chambers fromeach other. These passages extend from the front wall D of the furnaceto the eyes a of the kiln-wall, as shown in the drawings. Between thefire-ehamber of each furnace and the kiln-arch in the rear thereof whichit is designed to heat is erected a wall or diaphragm, g, which isprovided with a pigeon-holed arrangement of perforationsor passages, h,preferably long in the horizontal direction, and narrow from abovebelow, through which the flame, heat, and incandescent gases find theirway into the arch of the kiln. These perforations or passages may bemade through the walls a of the lateral passages d between the furnaces,and in this manner several eyes may be connected with each furnace.

The passages h in the dividing-walls between the fire-chambers may beconstructed of any shape or size, but preferably as shown in thedrawings. They are covered with arched or straight tops k, to formsupports for the skew-backs for the arched tops E of the furnaces.Dampers may be provided in the passages d to regulate the surplus heatand the direction thereof, and thereby the several furnaces can be keptat an even temperature, as the extra heat can be directed into somefurnace or adjoining kiln-arch, where the temperature is comparativelylow. .A further advantage in these perforated walls is exhibited whenthe furnacedoor is opened. Then there is not, as there would otherwisebe, a rush of cold air through the fire-chamber directly into thekiln-arch, because a portion of the ingoing blast is drawn through theside passages into the other furnaces, or intonthe flues d, whereby itbecomes heated and cons med. This beneficial effect is independent ofthe advantages derived from the lines (1, as it arises where solid wallsare arranged between the fire-chambers, with passages h through themfrom fire-chamber to fire-chamber. In this manner the fire-chambers areenabled to be shortened from front to rear, thereby bringing thekiln-eyes within convenient distance of the front of thefurnace. thefire-chamber the reticulated partition 9 is constructed between saidfire-chamber and the eye of the kiln-wall. This diaphragm g is usuallybuilt up with the kiln-Wall and forms a part of it, and, having butlittle thickness, is supported in rear by a bracing-column, Z, built upin the expansion m, in the front of the eye, and dividing it into twobranches; which lead to the passages in the diaphragm. One or two ofthese eyes may be arranged at the back of each furnace, and, at the sametime,

In the rear of from each other, so that each furnace shall feed its ownrear and side eyes, and no kilnarch shall communicate with more than one-furnace; but for ordinary use the construction illustrated, with reareyes and eye-passages on the sides of the furnace, is preferred.

The heat of the kiln is regulated by banking coal, clinkers, 8110., onthe grates against the apertures of the eyes in the rear of thefurnaces, and by choking up the side flues d, between the fires and thekiln-eyes, with broken fire-brick or other suitable non-combustiblematerial, purposely placed therein, and manipulated through openings 2in the front wall of the furnace, or other suitable position, tofacilitate the operation.

The Y-shaped eye in rear of the furnace is designed to effect anincrease of the draft from the contracted rear end, whereby the flamesol' the incandescent gases will be caused to jet far into the interiorof the kiln.

I do not herein broadly claim the combination, with a furnace, of theside flues and the communicating passages. 4

What 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a vertical kilnwall and an exterior furnacebuilt against the same, of the reticulated or perforated diaphragm orwall between the fire-chamber and the eyes of said kilnavall,substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with a kiln-furnace built against the kiln-wall andinclosing one or more eyes formed therein, of lateral flues, having eachan eye, a, leading into an independent kiln-arch, and the passages h inthe side walls of the furnace, connecting the said flue with thefurnace, substantially as specified.

built against the kiln-wall, and the intermediate smoke-fines 61,opening into the kilnarches,. t.he furnace side walls having openings hleading immediately from the furnaces into the said flue, whereby everyfurnace communicates directly with the adjacent ones, as and for thepurpose specified. I

4. In a kiln having its furnace built against ,3. In combination, with aseries of furnaces the kiln-wall, the eye having branches in its furnaceend, separated by a supporting-column, and faced by a perforateddiaphragm supported by said column, substantially as specified.

5. In a'kiln, the combination, with an exterior furnace, of the Y Shapedkiln-wall eye,

I having a reticulated or perforated facing-wall or diaphragm next thefurnace-chamber, substantially as specified. l

6. In combination with a series of furnaces built against the kiln-wall,and having one or more eyes opening into the kiln-arches, and theintermediate lateral flues d, opening each into an independent kilnarch,the furnace side walls having openings 71/ leading from the furnacesinto the said fines, substantially as specified. I

7. The combination, with a kiln -furnace built against the kiln-wall, oflateral flues leading into the eye of'said wall,and external openings insaid fines for manipulating broken firebrick or other material indamping,'substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my namein the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD W. BIN GHAM.

